Showing posts with label sleep. Show all posts
Showing posts with label sleep. Show all posts

Tuesday, 30 December 2014

5 Ways Your Job Is Ruining Your Sleep

WORK SLEEP
It's one thing to feel excited by weekend plans, and another entirely to feel pure, unadulterated relief when Friday finally rolls around and you get to say so long to your office space. Unfortunately, the latter is relatively common for employees worldwide, due to overwhelming exhaustion accumulated throughout the week.

According to a new GCC Insights study from international employee health and performance organization Global Corporate Challenge, one in every five workers feels sleep deprived, and 54 percent find their job more stressful due, in part, to this lack of quality shut-eye. Poor sleep also negatively affects productivity, considering 93 percent of the people who reported feeling sleep-deprived also displayed fatigue at work, leaving them more likely to make mistakes, or worse, get injured. The study aggregated data from more than 1.5 million people in 185 countries, exposing just how prevalent these work-related sleep problems are.

But at some point, we must also ask ourselves, is work itself part of our overall struggle with sleep? The place where we spend the majority of our waking hours and the tasks we do there share a clear connection with the stress, decreased productivity and burnout we are collectively experiencing. And we won't be able to find a solution until we acknowledge the root problems.

Here are five ways our work lives are killing the quality of our sleep.

 

 Work starts too early.

early alarm clock
A new study from the University of Pennsylvania is placing sleep-deprivation blame on the long hours we log at the office and the lengthy commutes required on both ends of the day to do so. Of the 125,000 Americans surveyed, more of them attributed their shortened sleep to working late than to any other reason, and those who snoozed less than seven hours each night also dealt with longer commutes. To tackle this chronic sleep loss, the scientists behind the study suggest delaying work start times by an hour or two. The study found that, on average, people who started their day around 6 a.m. slept only six hours, but people who started their day between 9 a.m. and 10 a.m. slept more than seven hours.

It demands too much screen time.

smartphone in bed
As if we don't already have enough temptation to take our smartphones to bed with us, sending those last few late-night emails leaves you feeling even more depleted the following morning. A study published in Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes found that upper-level managers who used their phones after 9 p.m. experienced a decrease in quantity as well as quality of sleep. The researchers also found, in a separate part of the study, that employees in a variety of industries experienced similar sleep problems attributed to smartphone use. For this group, the presence of laptops, televisions and tablets were also to blame for feeling depleted, but smartphones seemed to cause the most problems.

It endorses keeping your phone nearby, "just in case."

phone on table
That constant tether to technology doesn't just connect you to your friends on Facebook -- it keeps you subconsciously on call to your boss, too. Thus far, we have failed to find the healthy balance of staying in touch and unplugging. As new tech innovations continue to arrive, we have gone as far as to compromise the one post-work, pre-dinner chunk of time we used to have set aside for unwinding and mindful contemplation. Even on vacation, we don't unplug entirely, stressing about falling behind or appearing less dedicated to our work. This stress keeps our brains wired long after we experience it, adversely affecting our sleep.

It leaves your mind reeling late into the night.

bad sleep
It goes without saying that most of us aren't the best at leaving our work stress behind office doors where it belongs. And that chronic stress, not to mention the way we choose to react to it, has detrimental effects on the quality of our sleep. The American Psychological Association's Stress in America survey found that 43 percent of adults toss and turn at night because of stress, and 50 percent feel depleted the morning after such a rough night's sleep. What's more, a separate study published in SLEEP earlier this year revealed an association between the risk of developing insomnia and stress.

It leaves little time for other important things.

india yoga
Logging long hours at the office (and on the commute to and from) means less time spent on activities that help promote a solid night's sleep. Finding time during the day to exercise, for example, can work wonders for your quality of sleep. Studies have shown that a sweat session can help relieve restless leg syndrome, prevent sleep apnea and ward off disruptions to nighttime slumber. Sparing a few moments for a mindful meditation practice has also been reported to help us sleep more soundly by giving us better control over our moods and emotions.


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Saturday, 27 December 2014

Science-Backed Ways To Stay Young Forever (Or As Long As Possible, Anyway)

Science-Backed Ways To Stay Young Forever (Or As Long As Possible, Anyway)
We can’t stop aging completely like Blake Lively’s character in “The Age of Adeline,” but we can at least slow it down (to an extent). (Lakeshore Entertainment)
In the recently released trailer for “The Age of Adeline,” actress Blake Lively gets into a magical car accident in the year 1935 and never ages another day. She may look a youthful, radiant 29 years old forever — but it comes at a cost to her relationships and love life. 
While the film is obviously fiction, there are scientifically backed actions you can take to fight aging and stay looking and feeling young. Try these strategies to slow the clock.

1. Consider sunscreen as important as brushing your teeth.
Sun exposure accounts for about 80 percent of visible signs of aging on the face, according to a 2013 study. The same study also found that people in their 40s who spend a lot of time in the sun look about five years older than shade-seekers, as judged by a panel of 30 impartial research volunteers.
The sun’s damaging UVA (ultraviolet A) rays lead to fine lines, wrinkles, brown spots, and dilated pores, explains New-York based dermatologist Whitney Bowe, MD. UVA rays account for about 95 percent of the radiation that hits the Earth’s surface, according to the National Skin Cancer Foundation, which is why wearing sunscreen daily is so important. Even the UVA rays that come in through your car or office window, as well as UVA rays you’re exposed to cumulatively over the years, “can do a lot of damage to the skin and tremendously increase the rate at which you age,” Bowe tells Yahoo Health. 

Applying sunscreen to your face once a day in the morning is sufficient in the winter months and if you work indoors, Bowe says. But whenever you’re outdoors, even in the shade, be sure to cover any exposed skin with SPF 15 or higher sunscreen, and reapply every two hours. Look for a product that says it has broad-spectrum protection, which means it guards against both UVA and UVB rays, Bowe recommends.
The tops of your hands — a hot spot for skin cancer — need extra attention, Bowe adds. Since we wash them regularly, which cleans off the SPF, she suggest applying sunscreen to your hands in the morning and at least once again in the middle of the day. 
image
Blake Lively on set in Vancouver while filming “The Age of Adeline,” where she portrays a woman who remains 29 forever. (R Chiang/Splash News/Corbis)
2. Think and act young.
Neuropsychologist Mario E. Martinez, PhD, founder of the Biocognitive Science Institute and author of “The Mind-Body Code,” has spent most of his life studying people who thrive in old age. He is fascinated by what separates healthy centenarians from people who don’t age as well, and has researched the topic across numerous cultures and socioeconomic classes worldwide.
What he’s found: For people who look significantly younger than their age, “the main factor that separates them from people who look significantly older is that the people who look younger believe that middle age starts 15 years later.” They also have a certain pattern of beliefs and behaviors, including forgiving easily, using enjoyable rituals to buffer stress, and continuing to learn new skills.
And when it comes to aging well, continuing to do some form of work seems to be preferable to a retirement of idle leisure. In fact, a University of Maryland study discovered that people who work part-time after they retire have fewer chronic diseases and physical limitations. And recent French research shows that people who retire earlier have an increased risk for Alzheimer’s disease.

3. Get enough sleep.
Florence Comite, MD, a leader in the field of personalized medicine, says that adequate sleep is “by far and away the number one thing that trumps everything else” when it comes to healthy aging. “We live in a society where it’s common to burn the candles at both ends, and we think it’s perfectly fine to have five or six hours of sleep and that’s enough,” she tells Yahoo Health. “But sleep is critical for health.” Sleep deprivation is associated with diabetes, heart disease, obesity, high blood pressure, and other conditions.
While we snooze, the immune system activates and the body restores its hormonal balance, Comite explains. “You’re in effect healed from the damages of the day,” she says. 

People who sleep fewer than five or six hours a night also tend to age faster, research shows. In one study, older men who slept five hours per night or less had shorter telomeres (sections of DNA that indicate cellular aging) than men who snoozed for seven or more hours nightly. (Shorter telomeres are associated with accelerated aging.) Another study found that middle-aged women who averaged six or less hours of shut-eye had shorter telomeres than longer sleepers. The changes were the equivalent of being nine years older than their biological age.

4. Brighten your skin with science-backed products.
Free radicals are like tiny little missiles that damage the collagen and elastin that keep your skin firm and smooth, Bowe explains. UV rays, pollution, and cigarette smoke are the main sources of free radical damage to the skin. Antioxidants neutralize free radicals, so Bowe recommends applying a skin serum with antioxidants underneath your sunscreen in the morning and again before bed.

Niacinamide (vitamin B3), kojic acid, and vitamin C are other compounds added to some skin serums and lotions that have been shown to reduce dark spots and even out skin tone. “If you incorporate them into your skin routine over time, they can make your skin look lighter and brighter,” Bowe says.

5. Eat enough …
A number of studies in various animal species have shown that reducing calories to near-starvation levels increases lifespan. In a landmark study in the 1930s, mice fed half the normal amount of calories lived 50 percent longer, says Gil Blander, PhD, a researcher on the biology of aging formerly with the Massachusetts Institute of Technology who is currently the chief science officer of InsideTracker. The findings have inspired some people to try the strategy, following programs such as The Longevity Diet, in an attempt to live longer.
The catch: The approach is far from proven. Research studies on long-term calorie-restricted diets in monkeys have shown wildly conflicting results. A study on normal-weight humans following a calorie-restricted diet for two years, which will assess factors related to longevity, is currently underway. 

6. … But not too much
“The most scientifically proven way to live longer and feel younger is to maintain a healthy body weight,” says weight-loss specialist Charlie Seltzer, MD. “This may seem simple, but no amount of antioxidants or vitamins or a super low-calorie diet will make up for carrying extra weight, especially around your belly.”
People who are overweight in middle age live an average of three fewer years than those at a healthy weight, according to a large study that has been tracking a group of American adults since 1948. And obesity shortens lifespan by a full six to seven years. “The effect of overweight and obesity in adulthood on life expectancy and premature death is striking,” the study authors write.

Obesity is closely related to heart disease and diabetes, which explains part of the decrease in lifespan. But new research is showing that extra fat itself may have destructive effects on the body. For example, a study released in November from Johns Hopkins Medicine discovered evidence of heart muscle damage even among people without heart disease, and even when researchers accounted for risk factors like high blood pressure.

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